Should The Government Have A Right Essay - 1082 Words

Should the government have a right to demand a backdoor to unlock iPhones? People who are advocates of the government having a backdoor to unlock iPhones believe that this act will help reduce crime in society. Apple is one of the most widespread and frequently used brands in today’s society. It is no astonishment that the government seeks to use this company as a resource for information on crime activity. This demand has recently resulted from the government being unable to access the information in the iPhone 5c of one of the attackers of San Bernardino. The assailant was one of the individuals accountable for the deaths of fourteen victims. â€Å"Prosecutors said the contents of the phone could provide crucial evidence about the attackers’ communications and contacts before the shooting.† The attacker is now dead and all that is left of his deeds and intentions is his iPhone 5c. This criminal was using the iPhone that millions of other people use every day to contact other criminals and most likely discussed the details of his tact ics. If the government has access to iPhones they are then capable of learning more about the criminals that use the phones and they can learn about their intentions in order to prevent further crime. Millions of people use iPhones including criminals and this form of communication is something the government needs access to in order to help prevent crime. People who are against the government having a backdoor to unlock iPhones believe that thisShow MoreRelatedRepublicans vs Democrats Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesfor many political positions, such as presidency. Each supports and opposes different issues. The Democratic Party supports a bigger government and believes the government should guide the people. They are known as Liberals because typically they like change. The Republican Party supports a smaller government and believes the people should guide the government. They are known as Conservatives because they are in favor of the core laws of this country. Some people do not consider themselves DemocraticRead More The Influence of John Locke Essay examples970 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion and state should be separated. (Jenkins 123) Locke considered the formation of government from man’s own nature, whether or not government is formed because man is a social animal or if government is formed to preserve society. According to Locke, man must not think that all government in the world is the product only of force and violence, and that men live together by no other rules but that of beasts. Locke also felt that to understand political power right, and deriveRead MoreThe United States And National Government1621 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States has a federal system of government where the states and national government exercise separate powers within their own spheres of authority. Federalism is a system of government where power is controlled by two levels of government, generally national and state. National government mainly deal with issues that affect the entire country, while state deal with smaller issues on a local level. James Madison says that the states and national government are in fact but different agents andRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1417 Words   |  6 PagesDeclaration of Human Rights (UDHR) delineates the basic rights and freedoms entitled to all humans. The freedom of speech and the right to express beliefs freely is a universal human right protected by Article 19 of the UDHR. It declares that â€Å"everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression† and can â€Å"ho ld opinions without interference†. The regional agreements of Iran, China and Bahrain are in accordance with the Universal Declaration and are fully dedicated to upholding the rights of the citizensRead MoreSocial Contract : The American Revolution, And The Irish Revolution871 Words   |  4 Pagesman and government have had a social contract that has been agreed upon. Philosophers throughout history have debated what the social contract is defined as and whether it was right for a citizen or government to break this contract. Multifarious revolutions in history related to the American Revolution, Bolshevik revolution, and the Irish revolution these groups of people fought for what they believed their natural rights were. Either party can break a social contract between a government and itRead MoreGovernment Must Ensure The Protection Of Individual Rights1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe words â€Å"power,† â€Å"rules,† â€Å"control,† will probably come up when thinking about government. But, what is government for? Can a society live without any type of government? The government is very important, and it is difficult to keep a society in order without rules. The government is responsible for setting rules and to enforce those rules to equally protect individual rights; to accomplish this, government should be appropriate for the society, be respected by its rulers, and function only asRead MoreMarriage Private By Stephanie Coontz1196 Words   |  5 Pagesauthor of this article makes is states should stay out of marriage and it should be left up to couples if they want to become married and receive the benefits of marriage, not the states. The author states that a marriage license is no longer used to determine the obligations that a married couple must keep to their children or to each other. It only determines who gets benefits from employers. Lastly, she states that using the license determine if the state should defend the relationship is unfeasibleRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights Is Outdated1573 Words   |  7 PagesSome might say the Bill of Rights is outdated, since it was written back in 1789. I would like to show how it is as relevant today as when it was first penned. Some people believe the Bills of Rights are outdated and need to be modernized. Our Bill of Rights should not be altered and therefore should remain the same. These rights retain an important role in American society and outlines specific freedoms for all Americans. They are essential to preserving our individual rights while ensuring freedomRead MoreGovernment Interference in Our Private Lives Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesPrivacy Matters in Ame rica In the United States today the government tries to interfere in private lives. There should be no more laws made letting the government interfere in the private lives of people and if there are, people should stand up against this invasion in people’s privacy and sat no. Should the government have the right to interfere in people’s private lives? Does being a part of a representative democracy mean that people can give up their freedom to make their own choices to benefitRead MoreV is For Vendetta: A Civics Lesson Essay722 Words   |  3 Pagesallowed freedoms and rights which should be a must. Similarly in Civics class, we had discussed that in a democracy, citizens are assured that the government will protect interests in the form of rights (a freedom that is being protected, such as right to speech) and freedoms (power to act without unfair interference by an individual or state). So we can understand that the government is not acting as a democratic society because citizens do not have that advantage (of rights and freedoms). V

The Recording Of Sound Recorded By Edouard Leon Scott De...

Since its infancy during the nineteenth century, the art of sound recording has been profoundly affected in countless ways by inventors, scientists, and sound engineers. From the invention of the phonograph to the computers of today, they have all made contributions to the foundation of sound recording. Going forward, technologists in today s computer age are becoming more and more creative. There has even been proof that some researchers have had a hand in altering the course of history. With that in mind, the following questions need to be addressed: How was the recording of sound discovered? What technologies were implemented to improve the science? How has today s digital age affected sound recording? Was history really altered? Is there any debate? How was the recording of sound discovered? According to history, the first sound was recorded mechanically by Édouard-Là ©on Scott de Martinville (de Martinville) in 1857 on a machine called the phonautograph (and). His device would record sound by using a vibrating membrane that was attached to a pen (stylus) which drew a line in correspondence to sound waves onto a smoked paper roll attached to a rotating drum (and). The sounds were generated by vibrating diaphragm and a series of levers that moved the diaphragm from side to side (and). Even though de Martinville was able to duplicate sound, his machine was not able to play it back right after it was recorded (and). He made his machine this way because his intensionsShow MoreRelatedSound Effects Of Music And Sound In The Elizabethan Theatre745 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of theatre sound Sound is used to evoke emotion, reflect the mood and underscore actions in plays and dances. In China and India, around 3000 BC, used music and sound in their theatrical productions. Theatre sound has been used in ancient Japan theatrical events called Kagura. In Greek tragedies and comedies voices and songs made the sound of storms, earthquakes, thunder, depiction of hell and the appearance of god in plays. The Greeks used tools of drums and stones in reverberant machineryRead MoreDIGITAL vs ANALOG RECORDING Digital recording/ reproduction converts an analog sound signal picked900 Words   |  4 PagesANALOG RECORDING Digital recording/ reproduction converts an analog sound signal picked up by a microphone to a digital form. The process that allows this is called digitization. This allows the recording to be stored and transmitted by a wider variety of media. Digital recording stores audio as a series of binary numbers. These represent samples of the amplitude of the audio signal at equal time intervals. The sample rate is high enough to convey all sounds that can be heard. Digital recordings areRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Industry1496 Words   |  6 PagesBefore sound recording were possible, music was enjoyed live by watching the performers performing on their instruments in front of you. When sound recording became possible, the way we enjoy music was not limited to watching the performers anymore. By looking at the development of sound reproduction and the devices that are capable of sound playback, we are able to take a look at look on how the production and consumption of mus ic have been affected over the years in terms of portability, affordabilityRead MoreHow Has the Internet Changed the Music and Movie Industries3305 Words   |  14 Pagesof entertainment (and information) has impacted those long-established industries in as little as a few years: the internet. Recorded music, technically speaking, can be traced back to April 9th, 1860 with â€Å"Au Clair de la Lune† by Édouard-Là ©on Scott de Martinville . Though music existed long before this date, it marks the first time music was successfully recorded. â€Å"Movies† (rather, plays) as well were a long-enjoyed form of entertainment at the time, and only 28 years later in 1888, â€Å"Roundhay

Health Care Communication Free Essays

The patient who is distrusting of their nurse will not be compliant or may not take part in self-care. Nurses communicate each day with patients and coworkers. Building effective communication skills in the healthcare industry can lead to optimal outcomes. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first step to communication is to determine what the message to be conveyed is and put it in a logical order. Make the message brief. Choosing your words correctly will allow the receiver to understand what you are saying. Be considerate of the patient’s education, cultural, knowledge base and level of understanding. When you begin to speak be sure that you have the attention of the receiver, at the end of the conversation get feedback to ensure that your message was conveyed correctly. This paper will discuss the definition of health care communication, the relevancy of effective personal healthcare communication with other health care professionals and patients, relevancy of effective healthcare communication to health outcomes, and how the lack of effective personal and professional healthcare communications contributes to poor health outcomes. Healthcare communication can be defined as when an individual seeks information n health related issues. According to Healthy People 2010, (n. D. , overview), â€Å"Health communication encompasses the study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence individual and community decisions that enhance health. â€Å"The dissemination of information can be done via public communication or in an organizational context. Public communication refers to, â€Å"presentations, speeches, and public addresses made by individuals on health-related topics†. (Morehouse, 1998, p. 4). Health communication in the organizational context refers to how administration or staff provides information in regard to healthcare. The use of communication for healthcare issues is important to many people in that it increases awareness of healthcare risks, benefits, availability and support systems. Public communication utilizes pamphlets, public service announcements, etc. , to alert persons to health issues which can â€Å"encourage healthy behaviors, create awareness, change attitudes, and motivate individuals to adopt recommended behaviors. â€Å"(Healthy people 2010, n. D. , overview). When communicating with patients the nurse needs to look at the overall picture of the patient. This is his or her values, beliefs, culture and knows the health literacy of the attain. The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions. When a patient understands his or her disease process it helps that individual make the right decisions regarding their healthcare. A nurse who is able to understand a patient’s values, culture, beliefs, and incorporate them into the patients care builds a sense of trust between the patient and nurse. Communicating with other healthcare professionals also requires effective healthcare communication. Some nurses may not know their role responsibilities. As a charge nurse on the floor you can explain to that nurse what her role is. The charge nurse will need to be accurate in the information she provides, consistent, reliable in that the content is correct and up to date. When positive, caring relationships establish between patients and caregiver, patients report a greater ability to cope effectively with their illness and greater compliance with health care regiments. â€Å"(Morehouse Northouse, 1998, up. 79-80). Patients fear the unknown. Being in a hospital can be scary if they do not know what is happening to them. A nurse who speaks to a patient regarding his plan of care and shows empathy will give that patient a sense that he or she cares. A patient who understands his disease process will be able to make sound decisions, discuss treatment with family and cope with the situation. According to Williwaw, (2007), â€Å"There are five elements in the process of communication; the sender, the receiver, the message, the medium and internal and external static. â€Å"A problem with any of these elements can distort the meaning of what is trying to be conveyed. How to cite Health Care Communication, Papers Health Care Communication Free Essays University of Phoenix Material Health Care Communication Methods The following assignment options provide the opportunity for you to explore communication methods for different kinds of health care scenarios. The assignment options also allow you to examine the effects of HIPAA and other regulations on health care communication. Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Nursing Home Administrator Option 2: Communications Coordinator Option 1: Nursing Home Administrator Read the following scenario: * As the administrator of a local nursing home, you have just received notification that the organization is being purchased by a national group. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because of new policies to be implemented, many of the residents will be displaced. To make the situation more challenging, some of these residents have difficulty communicating, have no local family, and have not indicated that they approve the release of their medical information. Arrangements must be made for these individuals. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper on the different types of communication methods for the health care organization described in the scenario. Include the following in your paper: The advantages and disadvantages of using traditional, electronic, and social media for health care communication The effects of HIPAA and other regulations on the use of these media for health care communication Cite a minimum of two sources, one from the University Library and the other from the course textbooks or Electronic Reserve Readings, to support your position. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Option 2: Communications Coordinator Consider the following scenario: * You are the communications coordinator for a national drug manufacturer. Recently, there have been reports of significant negative effects caused by one of your medications that is used by a significant population. News reports have alleged that one of the individuals affected is a well-known public figure. You are tasked with addressing the news reports and the general public regarding this situation. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper on different types of communication methods for the health care organization described in the scenario. Include the following in your paper: The advantages and disadvantages of using traditional, electronic, and social media for health care communication The effects of HIPAA and other regulations on the use of these media for health care communication Cite a minimum of two sources, one from the University Library and the other from the course textbooks or Electronic Reserve Readings, to support your position. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. How to cite Health Care Communication, Papers

Marketing & Management Marketing Failure

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management for Marketing Failure. Answer: Ethical issues in the marketing field and discussion of two companies in Australia who have been some issues pursue in their business Ethical issues in case of the marketing field increase from the conflictions and due to the lack of the agreement on specific issues. Organisations engaged in the marketing communications, which have a group of expectations. These expectations represent the business relationships and it will include the different shapes (Asian Business Review. 2016). Each of the marketing notions follows its own and definite issues, which have been discussed briefly in the following: Ethics in promotion as well as advertising: Advertising can highly offend some groups when they have higher interest to the other organisations. Business marketing sometimes uses the deceptive and the legal promotional issues in order to bring the consumers into the organisations. Unethical promotions also damage the business along with the consumers. This will hamper the image of the business as well as the marketing. In this connection, Choicebusinesssolutions.net. (2016) added that marketing promotion is an ethical approach and this will reflect a business to construct the trust in terms of the brand valuation along with the help of the each of the consumer. On the other hand, the negative advertising strategy is able to highlight the several limitations of the products of the rival organisations. It can also measure the intrinsic benefits about the service or the products. This ethical marketing strategy is referred as the political advertising (Asian Business Review. 2016). Legal: The promotion of the marketing issues reflects the compliance in terms of local, federal laws or ethics. As per the statement of Choicebusinesssolutions.net. (2016), marketers focused to the several brands, which is able to measure the brand reputation. In addition, in this purpose it can be mentioned that honesty is the major ethics during the dealing with the moral issues in case of marketing. Henceforth, maintenance of good relationship with the consumers as well as with the suppliers is necessary. On the contrary, Stephens (2016) argued that sometimes misinterpretation or misunderstanding violate the individuals own right or ethics. Deceptive marketing strategy and ethics: Deceptive marketing strategies do not include the definite limitation or the target market. Sometimes, these marketing strategies do not observe by the customers. There are several approaches of the deceptive marketing. Stephens (2016) mentioned that this is assumed to be beneficial as it is capable to represent in verities forms to the customers. Among them, one approach can be completed with the using of humor. Humor is helpful to relief from the several kinds of human limitation and therefore, some of the advertisers can include the benefits of this deceptive advertising technique. Anti competitive traditions: In order to discuss the several approaches of anti competitive traditions, Theaustralian.com.au. (2016) expressed that bait and switch is a kind of fraud. Here, the consumers are baited via advertisements of the manufacturing goods or services, which have a lower price. Nevertheless, in the reality, the consumers observe that the original products are not appropriately similar to the advertisement and henceforth, they are intended to switch to the other products, which are assumed to be costlier. Planning obsolescence is the other type of anti competitive strategy. With the help of this strategy, designing of the products have the definite necessary life. Pricing ethics: Writing-speech.dartmouth.edu. (2016) put that it is hard to find out the ethical pricing strategy for the businesses. In this purpose pricing segmentation, depend upon predatory pricing. As per this concept of pricing policy, t is the suitable approach of the sales of the products as well as the services in terms of the very lower prices. Moreover, this type of pricing policy is helpful to determine or intend to fetch the rivals from the market or it is possible to create a barrier that the competitors cannot enter in this same market. In order to discuss the ethical issues of two Australian companies, this study has been discussed the marketing ethics of Holden Colorado and Rockpool. Holden Colorado is an eminent car manufacturing company is Australia whereas Rockpool is one of the largest restaurants in Sydney. Rockpool.com. (2016) stated that, Rockpool used to deliver greater quality of food to its consumers. Although, the price of the foods is little high, the foods they served to the customers are high quality. Most of the consumers are seeking to get the service of Rockpool with the family members. They have the comparative advantage in the seafood items. In this context, it can be stated that Rockpool fetch out the competitors from the market. In addition, the service provide by this restaurant is also very good. For which the consumes are also interested to visit to this particular restaurant. Instead of this, Rockpool also prepare foods for the vegans. In order to improve their service in the future, Rockpool arrange a feedback or review section, which helps them to rectify whether there exist any shortcoming or not. They also advertise their products or promote new menus through social networking sites. This will help to the consumers to know about the new items or offers. Holden Colorado provides greater performance of the manufacturing cars engine to the consumers (Stephens 2016). In addition, it offers to its customers family friendly and the five seaters car. Moreover, in order to discuss the ethical issues, it can be recommended that the differences between the principle valuation and the own self-interest measure that how it is difficult to take decision regarding the programming of the cars. These are marketing strategy of this specified car manufacturing company and hence, the consumers are willing to purchase this car. On the other hand, in order to get the comfort at the time of riding, the strategy of Holden Colorado is to use several materials, which keeps the cabin warmer. The diesel engine is loud but it is enthusiastic. The best part of this car is the presence of the automatic gearbox. As a result, the adaption of these marketing strategies helps to achieve the Australian New Car Assessment Program reward. Topic 4: Issues in labeling and packing in Australia The objective of the study is to highlight on what the different issues are faced by different Australian organization in labeling and packaging. There are different issues faced by different Australian companies in labeling and packaging. Labeling and packaging are the two important aspect of marketing in the recent time. There are a variety of pressing issues that are faced in this particular industry (Aaker, 2013). Food industry is one of the most popular as well common industries in Australia. Some of these left individual operator to manage, some are legislated and other handled by trade association. However, there are certain consumer rights which majority of the consumers prefers in the business process. It is one of the basic rights of the customers to get the complete information about the product, which includes obesity, nutritional content, food safety, and other additional information of the products (Armstrong and Kotler, 2013). Packing and labeling process Packaging is the process of covering, wrapping of goods into a package. On the other hand, the notion of packaging involves in the process of designing and producing the wrapper for a product. The overall concept of packaging is next to grading and branding. The overall idea of packaging and is very much essential towards offering goods in safe and secures position to the customers (Hood, 2013). The primary function of packaging is one of the most essential as well as one of the most crucial parts as it includes five major factors, which includes presentation, protection, preservation, economy and convenience. On the other hand, the secondary function of labeling includes the notion of the identification, suitability; labeling and handling are some of the unique features, which included in the process packaging. At present in Australia labeling and packaging have become the two most important features of marketing. However, in recent time there are certain issues faced in both packag ing as well as in labeling in Australian market. On the other hand, there are three labels of packaging which are included in the overall business process, which includes brand label, grade label and informative label (Kotler, 2012). Major issues faced in the Australian market packing and labeling In recent time, some of the major issues faced in the product packaging include overweight, breakage, pilferage, moisture, and temperature. Apart from this, there are some additional issues which different marketers in Australia faces in the overall process of packaging and labeling. There are certain rules and regulations developed by the government of Australia to follow a proper process of packaging and labeling. Some of the most important issues faced in the overall packaging and labeling are highlighted in the following part of the assignment in a diversified manner (Kotler and Armstrong, 2012). There are many people globally who prefers to know about the products and services that they are using. Sometimes marketers use different label information to misguide the customers about the content of the product. It is one of the most important issues, which the Australian market faces, in the marketing process. There are certain ethical consideration made by the Australian government in the process of making some compulsory activities in the packaging and labeling. The identification of the products hugely depends in the process of packaging and labeling. There are several classifications in the process of packaging, which includes problems with packaging graphics, problems with safety, problems with environmental issues and many more. There are several rules and regulations need to follow by the companies regarding all the aspects of the labeling and packaging. It is one of the most crucial parts in the overall market structure (Kurtz and Boone, 2012). There are several advantages in the process of labeling and packaging. It acts as a source of advertise for the marketers to the consumers which describes the product specifications along with the background of the companies. Unfortunately, ethics contributes a significant part in the problems with packaging and labeling. Packaging need to provide a certain amount of information to the customers based on the pro duct specification and background of the company, depending upon the nature as well as type of the products. Thus, it is extremely important for the for the marketers to ensure the potential customers by providing the proper information to the consumers (Matthew Moore, 2016). This part of the analysis will ensure in the process of the issues faced by the marketers in labeling based on the graphics. Many cases in which the marketers use different graphical representation do not represent the actual product. In order to make the overall product more attractive different marketers represents false graphical representations. The second part of the study will ensure as well as highlight what are the different kinds of measures and problems that can be achieved towards making the product safety (Pride and Ferrell, 2012). Consumers are very much concerned with the product packaging mainly incase for the children products. All the children products include needs to be maintained in a proper manner, which will ensure that the products are safe and secured. Australia is one of the most pollution free countries across the world. The recent issue, which is highlighted in the overall proceedings of the business, is the application of the biodegradable packaging system . It is one of the healthy decision-making polices that the government has decided to adopt in the process of packaging. It is one of the most important environmental safety measures adopted by the government in order to protect the ecosystem and maintains diversity in the environment (The Australian, 2016). Ethics Considerations of the Government There are different companies, which faces the certain issues in the process of a proper labeling and packaging in the business operations. Labeling is the identification of the product on the other hand packaging means safety of the products (The Sydney Morning Herald, 2016). Both identification as well as safety of the products is equally important in the overall business process. There are certain issues, which have been identified in the process of labeling and packaging. All the major issues of labeling and packaging are highlighted in the study and most importantly there are certain key measures, which the Australian government has adopted in order to solve these particular problems by developing different kinds of ethics (Yost, 2012). Reference List Aaker, D. (2013).Marketing research. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Armstrong, G. and Kotler, P. (2013).Marketing. Boston: Prentice Hall. Hood, D. (2013).The marketing manifesto. London: Kogan Page. Kotler, P. (2012).Principles of marketing. Singapore: Pearson/Prentice-Hall. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2012).Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kurtz, D. and Boone, L. (2012).Principles of contemporary marketing. Australia: Southwestern Cengage Learning. Matthew Moore, F. (2016).Food safety failures. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/national/food-safety-failures-20090711-dgmq.html [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. Pride, W. and Ferrell, O. (2012).Marketing. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. The Australian. (2016).The Australian. [online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/ [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. The Sydney Morning Herald. (2016).The deal threatening Australia's food labelling laws. [online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/food-labelling-and-product-safety-laws-in-jeopardy-under-tpp-says-choice-20160310-gnfss6.html [Accessed 20 Aug. 2016]. Yost, O. (2012).Packaging and labeling handbook. Delhi: White Word Publications Asian Business Review. (2016).Asian Business Review. Available at: https://jabr.weebly.com/ [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016]. Choicebusinesssolutions.net. (2016).Managing Your People and Your Business Processes - Choice Business Solutions. Available at: https://www.choicebusinesssolutions.net/ [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016]. Rockpool.com. (2016).Rockpool Bar and Grill Sydney - Rockpool Group. Available at: https://www.rockpool.com/rockpoolbarandgrillsydney/ [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016]. Stephens, J. (2016).Who to kill? The ethical dilemma for driverless car manufacturers. The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/who-to-kill-the-ethical-dilemma-for-driverless-car-manufacturers-20160623-gpqkwk.html [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016]. Theaustralian.com.au. (2016).Business Live | Business News | Stock Market Financial News | The Australian. Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016]. Writing-speech.dartmouth.edu. (2016).What is an Academic Paper? | Institute for Writing and Rhetoric. Available at: https://writing-speech.dartmouth.edu/learning/materials/materials-first-year-writers/what-academic-paper [Accessed on 20 Aug. 2016].